Biology (BIOL)
BIOL 121 HUMAN BIOLOGY2 Credits
An introductory study of the structure and function of the human body.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 121L
Notes: Not for Biology or Health Science majors and minors.
BIOL 121L HUMAN BIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in the structure and function of the human body.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 121
BIOL 132 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY2 Credits
The study of prefixes, suffixes and roots of words used in medical and biological fields, emphasizing their origin in the Greek and Latin languages.
Notes: Designed for biology majors and pre-professional students in the health care fields; this course does not satisfy any essential studies requirements.
BIOL 136 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE2 Credits
A survey of biological knowledge and principles designed to meet the needs of the non-science major.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 136L
Notes: No credit towards biology major or minor.
BIOL 136L BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in biological study, including technology to explore and to gather scientific data.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 136
BIOL 137 PRINCIPLES OF CELLULAR SYSTEMS3 Credits
Cellular principles, including biological chemistry, cell structure and function, cellular metabolism, genetics, and cellular interactions.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 137L
Notes: This course does not apply toward a Science (Biology or Physical Science 4-year majors); the course can be applied toward the Human Biology Minor, the Health Sciences Radiography program, specific 2-year pre-health professions preparation programs, or as an elective toward graduation.
BIOL 137L PRINCIPLES OF CELL SYSTEMS LABORATORY1 Credit
Investigatory inquiry into cell systems and technologies used to study those systems and use of models in understanding cellular systems.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 137
Notes: This course does not apply toward a Science (Biology or Physical Science 4-year majors); the course can only be used for the Human Biology Minor, in specific 2-year pre-health professions preparation programs, in the Health Sciences Radiography program, or as an elective toward graduation.
BIOL 138 GENERAL BIOLOGY: BOTANY3 Credits
A survey of flowering plants, focusing on anatomy, foundational cellular and organismal physiology, and classification. Plant importance to humans and role in climate moderation and responses to climate change will be introduced.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 138L
BIOL 138L GENERAL BIOLOGY: BOTANY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in flowering plants.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 138
BIOL 139 GENERAL BIOLOGY: ZOOLOGY3 Credits
General scientific principles, diversity and origin of life, and fundamental cell biology, genetics, classification, ecology, anatomy, behavior of animals, phylogenetic relationships of major animal groups, and an introduction to the systematics, ecology and importance of fungi.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 139L
BIOL 139L GENERAL BIOLOGY: ZOOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in major animal group anatomy and phylogeny.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
Co-requisites: BIOL 139
BIOL 200 INDPENDENT STUDY OR RESEARCH1-3 Credits
Study or research in an area of special interest.
Add Consent: Department Consent
Notes: The number of credit hours is determined by the topic and the amount of work required.
Requirements: Approval of instructor, School Dean, and Academic Vice President.
BIOL 220 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY3 Credits
A systemic approach to vertebrate anatomy and physiology examining how structures and organ systems have evolved through the different vertebrate groups from fish to mammals. The structure and function of vertebrate organ systems will be discussed in the context of developmental and evolutionary history.
Prerequisites: 6 hours from AGRI, BIOL, CHEM, GEOS and/or PHYS
Co-requisites: BIOL 220L
BIOL 220L COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Investigation of vertebrate anatomy and physiology through dissection of a variety of vertebrates and microscopic examination of selected histological preparations of tissues.
Co-requisites: BIOL 220
BIOL 225 CELLULAR BIOLOGY3 Credits
The form, functions, and physiology of eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, viruses, and prions. This course assumes proficiency in freshman chemistry.
Cross-Listed: BIOL131/BIOL225
BIOL 237 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE3 Credits
Human interactions and impacts on the physical, chemical and biological components of the global ecosystem.
Essential Studies: SLO #6
BIOL 239 ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION3 Credits
The phylogenetic treatment of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, living and extinct.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138, 138L and 139, 139L
Co-requisites: BIOL 239L
BIOL 239L ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in the phylogenetic relationships of animals.
Co-requisites: BIOL 239
BIOL 240 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I3 Credits
The anatomy and physiology of the human body will be studied through the ten body systems. The content of this course includes the microscopic organization of the tissues of the body and the integument, skeletal, muscular, nervous systems.
Prerequisites: BIOL 137 and BIOL 137L or BIOL 138 and BIOL138L, BIOL 139, BIOL 139L and CHEM 131 and CHEM 131L or CHEM 140 and CHEM 140L
Co-requisites: BIOL 240L
Notes: This is the first semester of a two semester sequence with BIOL 242 Anatomy and Physiology II; this course is designed for students preparing for 2 year health professional schools.
BIOL 240L GROSS HUMAN ANATOMY LABORATORY1 Credit
Gross human anatomy laboratory uses donor bodies.
Co-requisites: BIOL 240
BIOL 241 MICROBIOLOGY3 Credits
Study of bacteria, molds, yeasts, algae, protozoa, viruses, and ricketsias.
Prerequisites: BIOL 137 and BIOL 137L or BIOL 138 and BIOL 138L, BIOL 139, and BIOL 139L
Co-requisites: BIOL 241L
BIOL 241L MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in techniques for microbe identification.
Co-requisites: BIOL 241
BIOL 242 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II3 Credits
The anatomy and physiology of the human body will be studied through the ten body systems. The content of this course includes the microscopic organization of the tissues of the endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, urinary, digestive, and reproductive systems.
Prerequisites: BIOL 240 and BIOL 240L
Co-requisites: BIOL 242L
Notes: This is the second semester of a two semester sequence with BIOL 240 Anatomy and Physiology I; this course is designed for students preparing for the 2 year health professional schools.
BIOL 242L HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in physiology of human systems, using technology and donor bodies.
Co-requisites: BIOL 242
BIOL 270 TOPICS IN BIOLOGY1-3 Credits
Special topics appropriate for lower division credit.
Notes: May be repeated with different emphasis for up to six hours credit.
BIOL 314 BIOTECHNOLOGY3 Credits
Hands-on procedures with lectures and readings to provide theoretical understanding and historical background of biotechnology work.
Cross-Listed: BIOL314/CHEM314
Prerequisites: BIOL 332 (can also be taken as Co-Requisite) and Sophomore or above status
BIOL 320 SUPERVISED STUDY IN LAB AND FIELD METHODS1-2 Credits
Students will prepare, supervise, and evaluate laboratory exercises under the direction of faculty members. Designed to give students practical experience teaching in the laboratory setting.
Cross-Listed: BIOL/CHEM/GEOS/PHYS320
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
BIOL 323 BASIC HEMATOLOGY1 Credit
Basic hematology and urinalysis including microscope usage and care; blood cell formation, function and destruction; abnormal blood cells; blood clotting; coagulation disorders; and the chemical and physical examination of urine.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138, BIOL 138L, BIOL 139, BIOL 139L, BIOL 240, BIOL 240L, BIOL 242, BIOL 242L, CHEM 231, CHEM 231L and Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 323L
BIOL 323L BASIC HEMATOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in basic hematology and urinalysis.
Co-requisites: BIOL 323
Requirements: All students must have received two of the three hepatitis B vaccinations prior to beginning this course.
BIOL 332 GENETICS3 Credits
Transmission of traits from generation to generation, including Mendelian, molecular, and population genetics.
Prerequisites: BIOL 137 and BIOL 137L or BIOL 138 and BIOL 138L and BIOL 139, BIOL 139L, and CHEM 132 and CHEM 132L or CHEM 140 and CHEM140L, completion of Essential Studies SLO#4 and Sophomore or above status
BIOL 332L GENETICS LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in inheritance, molecular genetic analysis, and genomic studies.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 332
BIOL 336 GENERAL ECOLOGY2 Credits
The structure and function of nature with emphais on biomes, ecosystems, communities, and populations.
Prerequisites: 6 hours from BIOL 138, BIOL 138L, BIOL 139, BIOL 139L, AGRI 141, AGRI 242 or AGRI 242L and Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 336L
BIOL 336L GENERAL ECOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in describing and quantifying organismal populations.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 336
BIOL 337 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT3 Credits
Ecosystem management, environmental planning, history of environmental protection, the roles of federal and state agencies, environmental law, environmental ethics, and professional skills relevant to those interested in land-management related careers in the public and private sector.
Prerequisites: 9 hours from AGRI, BIOL, CHEM and/or GEOS; sophomore or junior status
BIOL 340 HUMAN ANATOMY3 Credits
An advanced study of the microscopic and gross structure of the human body. This course will prepare the student for entry into BIOL 342. Donor bodies are used.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138, BIOL138L, BIOL 139, BIOL 139L, CHEM 132, CHEM 132L, and Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 340L
BIOL 340L GROSS HUMAN ANATOMY LABORATORY1 Credit
Gross human anatomy laboratory uses donor bodies.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 340
BIOL 342 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY3 Credits
The detailed human physiology of each organ system of the body is discussed at an advanced level. BioPac computer laboratory equipment and donor bodies are used.
Prerequisites: BIOL 340, BIOL 340L and CHEM 140 and CHEM 140L or CHEM 132 and CHEM 132L, and Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 342L
Notes: This is the second semester of a two semester sequence with BIOL 340; this course is designed for students preparing for 3-4 year professional schools.
BIOL 342L HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in physiology of human systems, using technology and donor bodies.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 342
BIOL 343 PARASITOLOGY2 Credits
Taxonomy, morphology, physiology, life history, and control of the parasitic protozoans, helminthes, and arthropods.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138, BIOL 138L and BIOL 139, BIOL 139L or BIOL 225 and Sophomore or above status
BIOL 343L PARASITOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in identifying and understanding parasites of living systems.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 343
BIOL 347 CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY2 Credits
Phylogeny and ecology of bacteria, algae and fungi.
BIOL 347L CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory survey of bacteria, algae and fungi. Field trips required.
BIOL 350 FIELD BIOLOGY1-6 Credits
Two to five week field course offered between semesters, spring break, or during the summer.
Prerequisites: Sophomore or above status
Notes: One hour of credit may be earned for each week of full time participation; itinerary for each class will be announced several weeks prior to registration.
Requirements: Fees in addition to tuition will be charged; early registration required.
BIOL 390 INTERNSHIP IN BIOLOGY1-12 Credits
Provides practical experience as a biologist in government, business, or industry. Open to upper division students majoring in the area of biology.
Add Consent: Department Consent
Notes: Interested students should contact the Internship and Career Services office to secure application materials; application should be made prior to the semester the internship will be started; the amount of credit will be based on the availability of a suitable work position, the qualifications of the applicant, and the work hours.
BIOL 400 INDEPENDENT STUDY OR RESEARCH1-3 Credits
Study or research in an area of special interest.
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Notes: The number of credit hours is determined by the topic and the amount of work required.
Requirements: Approval of instructor, School Dean, and Academic Vice President is required.
BIOL 401 ORNITHOLOGY2 Credits
Biology of birds, including their classification, anatomy, physiology, life history, behavior, ecology, and identification with emphasis on local species.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 401L
BIOL 401L ORNITHOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory and field experience in anatomy, behavior, and identification of birds.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 401
BIOL 404 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY MENTOR2 Credits
Students will assist BIOL 231L, Anatomy and Physiology Lab instructor in the preparation and delivery of laboratory instruction using anatomical specimens and conduct additional optional "open-lab" study sessions.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 422
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Requirements: Written permission of instructor is required.
BIOL 405 HUMAN ANATOMY MENTOR2 Credits
Students will assist BIOL 340L, Human Anatomy Lab instructor in the preparation and delivery of laboratory instruction using anatomical specimens and conduct additional optional "open-lab' study sessions.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 422
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Requirements: Written permission of instructor is required.
BIOL 406 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY MENTOR2 Credits
Students will assist BIOL 342L, Human Physiology Lab instructor in the preparation and delivery of laboratory instruction using live physiologic experimentation and computer simulations and conduct additional occasional "open-lab" study sessions.
Prerequisites: BIOL 422 and Junior or above status
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Requirements: Written permission of instructor is required.
BIOL 409 SENIOR BIOLOGY RESEARCH1-3 Credits
Original investigation in biology under a faculty member's supervision and guidance. A public presentation of results will occur.
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Notes: May be repeated up to four times, for no more than 6 credits total.
BIOL 422 ADVANCED HUMAN ANATOMY1 Credit
The advanced study of human anatomy through human gross dissection, histological analysis and clinical anatomy of each system of the body.
Prerequisites: BIOL 340, BIOL 340L, BIOL 342, BIOL 342L with C or better and Junior or above status
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
Requirements: Written permission by the course instructor required.
BIOL 424 ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY1 Credit
The advanced study of human physiology through a group research project monitoring physiological processes in human subjects for the duration of the semester, class discussions of primary and secondary literature relevant to the group project, and writing assignments designed to help students with their end of semester project reports. Appropriate channels for the ethical use of human subjects will be followed within the guidelines for Chadron State College.
Prerequisites: BIOL 340, BIOL 340L, BIOL 342, BIOL 342L and junior or above status
Add Consent: Instructor Consent
BIOL 425 PLANT MORPHOLOGY2 Credits
Origin and structure of plant cell types and tissues along with a survey of the plant world illustrated by specific examples from both living and fossil plants.
BIOL 425L PLANT MORPHOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience.
BIOL 427 BIOLOGY OF POPULATIONS3 Credits
Population ecology and the genetic processes of adaptation and evolution. Lectures and class discussion of current literature, plus application of concepts in a literature review paper is required.
Prerequisites: BIOL 332, BIOL 332L, BIOL 336, BIOL 336L and Junior or above status
BIOL 429 AQUATIC MICROBIOLOGY3 Credits
The detection and study of bacteria in streams, lakes, wells, etc. and a basic review of water-borne viruses that are of public health significance. Oral and written presentations, laboratory and field trips required.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
BIOL 430 IMMUNOLOGY3 Credits
Function of the human immune system including the structure and function of bone marrow, blood cells, and lymphatic tissue.
Prerequisites: BIOL 241, BIOL 241L, and Junior or above status
BIOL 431 ENTOMOLOGY2 Credits
Taxonomy, morphology, physiology, life history, behavior, ecology and economic importance of insects. Lecture, laboratory and field trips.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 431L
BIOL 431L ENTOMOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory and field experience in insect morphology and taxonomy.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 431
BIOL 432 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY2 Credits
Molecular and cellular aspects of development, including the regulation and expression of the genome during development, fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, morphogenesis, and organogenesis.
Prerequisites: BIOL 332 and Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 432L
BIOL 432L DEVELOPMENTAL BIOL LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in vertebrate embryology and morphological development.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 432
BIOL 433 HUMAN BIOMECHANICS2 Credits
Utilization of anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and physics in the study of human movement, with emphasis on biomechanics, control and integration of muscle groups in maintaining posture and producing complicated movements, bioenergetics, adaptation of the body to stress and exercise, and training regimens.
Prerequisites: BIOL 342, BIOL 342L, PHYS 151, PHYS 151L, and Junior or above status
BIOL 433L HUMAN BIOMECHANICS LAB1 Credit
Laboratory experience in human movement. Technology and donor bodies will be used.
BIOL 435 MAMMALOGY2 Credits
Systematics, life history, physiology, and behavior of mammals. Field trips required.
Cross-Listed: AGRI445/BIOL435
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 435L
BIOL 435L MAMMALOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in mammal structure and function.
Cross-Listed: AGRI445L/BIOL435L
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 435
BIOL 436A RESEARCH MICROSCOPY1 Credit
Microscopic principles and techniques focusing on the use of microscopes in scientific inquiry and diagnosis. Includes light and optic theory, specimen preparation, image collection and interpretation, and types of research microscopes.
Cross-Listed: BIOL436A/GEOS426A
Notes: Recommend taking BIOL 436B.
BIOL 436B INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH2 Credits
Scientific research methodology, including development of testable hypotheses, research design, data analysis introduction, grant proposal writing, and writing research papers.
Cross-Listed: BIOL436B/GEOS426B
Notes: Recommend taking BIOL 436A.
BIOL 438 TAXONOMY OF PLANTS2 Credits
Applied taxonomy of vascular plants, with emphasis on families of flowering plants in the northern Great Plains.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138, BIOL 138L, and Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 438L
Requirements: Field trips required.
BIOL 438L TAXONOMY OF PLANTS LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in collecting, identifying and preparing vascular plant specimens, with emphasis on family recognition. A student plant collection project is required.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 438
BIOL 439 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY2 Credits
Physiological and developmental processes occurring in cells, tissues, and organs of plants, with emphasis on hormonal, environmental and other control mechanisms of plant behavior and development.
Prerequisites: BIOL 138 and BIOL 138L or AGRI 141 and CHEM 131 and CHEM 131L or CHEM 140 and CHEM 140L and Junior or above status
Co-requisites: 439L
BIOL 439L PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in plant structure and function, with an emphasis on applied plant biochemistry.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 439
BIOL 440 TOPICS IN BIOLOGY1-3 Credits
Designed to meet the needs of students desiring knowledge in areas of biology not covered in another biology course. Study topics and credit will be arranged to meet the needs of the students. Laboratory work and field work.
Notes: Can be repeated with a change in emphasis for a total of six hours of credit.
Requirements: Extra fees may be required.
BIOL 443 TOPICS IN BIOLOGY1-3 Credits
Designed to meet the needs of different groups of people desiring knowledge in an area of biology not covered in another biology course. Study topics and credit will be arranged to meet the needs of the students. Laboratory work and field work.
Notes: Can be repeated with a change in emphasis for a total of six hours of credit.
Requirements: Extra fees may be required.
BIOL 444 LIMNOLOGY2 Credits
Biological, chemical and physical studies of inland surface waters. Field trips required.
BIOL 444L LIMNOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory and field experience in freshwater systems.
BIOL 446 REGIONAL FLORA3 Credits
The plants and plant communities of the region. Field trips required.
Notes: Workshop format for majors and non-majors.
BIOL 447 PLANT PHYLOGENY1 Credit
The phylogenetic treatment of land plants, living and extinct.
BIOL 447L PLANT PHYLOGENY LABORATORY2 Credits
Survey of land plant groups, with emphasis on the taxonomy and ecology of bryophytes.
BIOL 448 ETHNOBOTANY2 Credits
Plants useful or harmful to man, their origins and history, botanical relationships, chemical constituents which make them economically important, roles in prehistoric and modern cultures and civilizations, and the potential of the plant kingdom for new economically important species. Field trips required.
Essential Studies: SLO #10
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 448L
BIOL 448L ETHNOBOTANY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in plant-human interactions.
Essential Studies: SLO #10
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 448L
BIOL 449 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL3 Credits
In-depth analysis of eukaryotic cellular biology, including cell-cell communication, signal transduction, apoptosis, control of cell cycle, and other advanced topics (cancer, gene therapy, prokaryotic cells, viruses).
Prerequisites: BIOL 332, BIOL 332L, BIOL 241, BIOL 241L and CHEM 231 and CHEM 231L or CHEM 333 and CHEM 333L and Junior or above status
BIOL 449L MOLECULAR BIOL OF THE CELL LAB2 Credits
Project-based laboratory using a broad range of basic techniques. In addition to tools and approaches learned in BIOL/CHEM 412, students will learn cell culturing and DNA, RNA and protein analysis.
Prerequisites: BIOL 332, BIOL 332L, BIOL 241, BIOL 241L and CHEM 231 and CHEM 231L or CHEM 333 and CHEM 333L and Junior or above status
BIOL 450 FIELD LIMNOLOGY3 Credits
Lecture and field methods for studying the biological, chemical and physical processes in lakes and streams. Includes an extended field trip to Yellowstone National Park or other areas.
Requirements: Fees in addition to tuition will be charged; early registration required; one year of college-level science required.
BIOL 451 HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT3 Credits
Overviews the historic and current public viewpoints of wildlife and wildlife/human conflicts. Examines the policies which affect wildlife research and management and the impacts public opinion has on policy formation. Identifies the various stakeholders involved in natural resource management and policy and incorporates the idea that wildlife management is people management.
Cross-Listed: AGRI451/BIOL451
BIOL 456 PATHOGENIC MICROBIOLOGY2 Credits
Major communicable diseases of humans caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Global and regional impact, host-parasite relationships, morphology and physiology, diagnostic techniques used in isolation and identification, treatment, prevention, and modes of transmission are discussed. Field trips required.
Prerequisites: BIOL 241, BIOL 241L and Junior or above status
BIOL 456L PATHOGENIC MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY1 Credit
Laboratory experience in isolation and clinical identification of pathogenic microbes.
Prerequisites: Junior or above status
Co-requisites: BIOL 456
BIOL 458 BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION3 Credits
Study of the fundamental theory of evolution, including phylogeny and earth history, macro-evolutionary patterns, micro-evolutionary processes, and synthesis.
Prerequisites: BIOL 332 and Junior or above status
BIOL 499 BIOLOGY CAPSTONE3 Credits
Students will integrate information from their undergraduate biology program to select a topic, which must be approved by the biology faculty. Students will examine the scientific research supporting the thesis, the broad shift in ideas and knowledge relating to the topic and its interaction with society, and political and ethical considerations relating to the subject. Students will find appropriate primary research articles to support the thesis and will complete original research paper or literature review (senior thesis) on the topic, a public presentation, and a poster.
Essential Studies: SLO #12
Prerequisites: BIOL 332, BIOL 332L and Junior or senior status
Notes: Course is intended for biology majors.